Strong Inference

To paraphrase an old saying, Beware of the man of one method or one instrument, either experimental or theoretical. He tends to become method-oriented rather than problem-oriented. The method-oriented man is shackled; the problem-oriented man is at least reaching freely toward what is most important. Strong inference redirects a man to problem-orientation, but it requires him to be willing repeatedly to put aside his last methods and teach himself new ones.
--JR Platt (1964) "Strong Inference" Science 146:347-

I do not necessarily agree with the "strong inference" argument, especially at the forefronts of modern biology, where the assumptions going into experimental design (including assumptions related to experimental methods) are so complicated, that conclusive disproval of any "hypothesis" with sufficient aesthetic appeal is usually hard to come by.

This is especially true if you are dealing with higher brain functions, since the phenomena are complex (e.g. every time a human sees a flower, this experience is unique, and depends upon mood, hormonal state, directly preceeding sensory experiences, past associations, etc.), as are the emergent neural activity patterns which one would like to link the phenomena to.

However, I do agree in terms of the limitations of "method-oriented science." I think at the forefronts of modern biology, the only way to overcome the limitations of this "method-oriented" nature is to become "methods-oriented," i.e. oriented toward several strategically chosen methods.